Last update: November 13, 2025

TL;DR - Essential Law 27 (LMRSST) Summary

Since 2021, Law 27 has profoundly modernized occupational health and safety in Quebec. It imposes new obligations for all organizations, starting from just one worker (employee, volunteer, intern, self-employed worker).

➡️ Less than 20 workers: simplified action plan.

➡️ 20 and more: complete prevention program, OHS representative, OHS committee.

📅 Compliance deadline: October 1, 2025 (October 6, 2025 for PSR).

Law 27 – Modernization of Occupational Health and Safety Regime (LMRSST)

What is Law 27?

Law 27, officially the Act to Modernize the Occupational Health and Safety Regime (LMRSST), is a major reform of Quebec's OHS framework. Sanctioned on October 6, 2021, it aims to better protect workers, both physically and psychologically, by updating rules that hadn't been significantly revised in over 40 years.

Key Change: Law 27 now requires all employers to identify, assess, and prevent psychosocial risks in the workplace - not just physical hazards.

Full name: LMRSST - Act to Modernize the Occupational Health and Safety Regime (commonly called Law 27).

Responsible authority: CNESST (Commission des normes, de l'équité, de la santé et de la sécurité du travail) - Quebec government body responsible for enforcement, inspection and sanctions.

Who Does Law 27 Apply To?

All organizations with at least one worker in Quebec are covered by Law 27:

SMEs and NPOs

Construction Workers

Contractors & Agencies

⚠️ The term "worker" includes: employees, volunteers, interns, self-employed workers, and contractors.

No Exemptions: Every organization, regardless of size or industry, must demonstrate that it evaluates and prevents risks that could compromise workers' health and safety. No exemption based on size or sector of activity.

The 5 Psychosocial Risk Factors (PSR)

Under Law 27, employers must now identify and address these five psychosocial risk factors:

  • 1. Excessive Workload: Unreasonable work volume, unrealistic deadlines, chronic cognitive or emotional overload
  • 2. Low Recognition: Lack of appreciation, absence of positive feedback, feeling of non-recognition of efforts and contributions
  • 3. Low Decision-Making Autonomy: Little or no control over one's work, inability to influence decisions, excessive micro-management
  • 4. Low Social Support: Professional isolation, lack of support from colleagues and supervisors, absence of collaborative teamwork
  • 5. Workplace Harassment: Psychological, sexual harassment, discrimination, verbal or physical violence, intimidation, repeated vexatious behaviors

Key Deadlines

📅 October 1, 2025: Final deadline for complete compliance (operational action plan or prevention program)

📅 October 6, 2025: Specific deadline for mandatory integration of the 5 psychosocial risk factors (PSR)

No extensions: These deadlines are firm and apply to all Quebec organizations without exception. Several provisions have already come into force. Organizations should act quickly to integrate changes before these deadlines.

Obligations for Organizations with 1-19 Workers

Smaller organizations must implement a simplified OHS action plan covering both physical and psychosocial risks:

Simplified Action Plan: Written document listing identified risks and corrective measures with timeline. Flexible format but must be written and dated.
Risk Identification: Identify ALL present risks - physical (falls, noise, chemicals) AND psychosocial (5 PSR factors)
OHS Liaison Officer: Mandatory designation in high-risk sectors (construction, forestry, mining) or on job sites
Written Policies: OHS policies must be established, written, posted, and accessible to workers
PSR Management: Explicit obligation to identify and prevent psychosocial risks even in small structures
Annual Update: Mandatory revision annually or during major organizational changes

Obligations for Organizations with 20+ Workers

Larger organizations have more extensive requirements including a complete prevention program and formal OHS structures:

Complete Prevention Program: Formal, structured document with objectives, risk identification, prevention measures, controls, responsibilities, timelines, training plans
Joint OHS Committee: Mandatory committee with equal representation from employer and workers
OHS Representative: Chosen by and from among workers (not appointed by employer)
Regular Meetings: Minimum quarterly meetings with mandatory detailed minutes
Periodic Inspections: Workplace inspections at least monthly
Systematic Analysis: Analysis of all accidents, incidents and dangerous situations

OHS Committee (Health and Safety Committee)

Mandatory for organizations with 20 workers or more:

Composition

  • Joint composition: Equal number of employer and worker representatives
  • Minimum 2 people (1 employer + 1 worker) but generally 4 to 8 members depending on size
  • Worker representative chosen by and from among workers (election or designation)

Meetings

  • Minimum quarterly meetings (4 times per year), but monthly recommended
  • Mandatory meeting minutes kept and accessible
  • Participation time is paid and considered work time

Role and Responsibilities

  • Advisory and oversight role: inspections, recommendations, participation in accident investigations
  • Mandatory OHS training for all committee members
  • Must be consulted for any significant changes affecting OHS

OHS Representative

Mandatory for organizations with 20 workers or more:

  • Selection: Chosen by and from among workers (not appointed by employer)
  • Role: Represents exclusively the interests of workers in OHS matters
  • Distinct and complementary role to the OHS committee

Powers

  • Accompany CNESST inspectors during visits
  • Receive OHS complaints from workers
  • Investigate accidents and incidents
  • Make recommendations to improve workplace safety

Training

  • Must receive adequate OHS training
  • Paid time allocated to perform their functions

Common Obligations for All Organizations

Regardless of size, all Quebec organizations must:

  • Protect health and safety: Take all necessary measures to protect health and ensure the physical and psychological integrity of workers
  • Identify and control risks: Identify, assess and control risks that could affect workers' health and safety (physical AND psychosocial)
  • Inform and train: Adequately inform workers about risks related to their work and train them accordingly
  • Provide PPE: Provide all required personal protective equipment (PPE) free of charge
  • Safe organization: Ensure work organization, methods and techniques used are safe
  • Report accidents: Report all workplace accidents to CNESST within prescribed timeframes
  • Cooperate with CNESST: Fully cooperate with CNESST during inspections or investigations

CNESST Powers and Sanctions

In case of non-compliance with Law 27 obligations, CNESST can impose:

  • Mandatory corrective measures with strict deadlines
  • Unannounced inspections - repeated visits without prior notice
  • Administrative penalties (fines) - significant financial penalties
  • Public orders - published on CNESST website (major reputational impact)
  • Work stoppages - in cases of imminent danger

Additionally, lack of prevention can lead to:

  • Deterioration of workplace climate
  • Increase in accidents and complaints
  • Higher employee turnover
  • Significant reputational damage

Mandatory Documentation to Maintain

Organizations must keep the following records:

Current action plan or prevention program
Register of all workplace accidents and incidents (even without injury)
OHS committee meeting minutes (minimum 3-year retention)
Workplace inspection reports
OHS training records for all workers with dates and content
Risk analyses and PSR evaluations conducted
Harassment prevention policy (posted and provided to employees)
Accident investigations and corrective measures implemented
CNESST correspondence and orders received

How Exact RH Can Help

Our CHRP team supports you through every step of Law 27 compliance:

Diagnostic

Complete assessment of your current OHS situation and psychosocial risks. Free 2-minute online diagnostic available.

Templates

Customized templates and policies for your prevention program, compliant with Law 27 requirements.

Training

Staff training and awareness on psychosocial risks, harassment prevention, and OHS best practices.

Compliance Support

OHS committee setup, liaison officer support, and ongoing follow-up until complete compliance.

Free 20-Minute Consultation: 1-866-950-3357

Frequently Asked Questions

Law 27, or the Act to Modernize the Occupational Health and Safety Regime, is a major reform of Quebec's OHS framework. It aims to better protect workers, both physically and psychologically, by updating rules that hadn't been profoundly revised in over 40 years.

The reform responds to evolving workplace realities: stress, overload, remote work, isolation, harassment, and other psychological factors. The objective is to ensure mental health is protected equally with physical health.

Law 27 applies to all organizations with workers in Quebec, including NPOs, private and public sectors. Regardless of size, each organization must demonstrate that it evaluates and prevents risks that could compromise people's health and safety.

Important: No exemption based on size or sector of activity.

Law 27 introduces several new requirements:

  • Mandatory consideration of psychosocial risks (workload, conflicts, isolation, lack of recognition, etc.) in the prevention program
  • Establishment of an OHS committee or liaison officer, depending on organization size
  • Greater worker participation in prevention
  • Increased importance of OHS documentation and follow-up

Most Law 27 obligations must be in place by October 6, 2025.

However, several provisions have already come into force. Organizations should act quickly to integrate changes before this deadline.

Urgent: Less than a year to comply! Start now.

Main obligations include:

  • Identify and assess physical and psychosocial risks in the workplace
  • Update or create a documented prevention program
  • Involve employees in the process through a committee or liaison officer
  • Train and raise awareness among managers and employees on prevention and psychosocial risks
  • Keep evidence of actions taken (analyses, meetings, corrective measures, etc.)

📋 Need help? 1-866-950-3357 - Free diagnostic

Yes, obligations vary by size:

Organizations with fewer than 20 workers: Must designate an OHS liaison officer and implement simple but concrete prevention measures.

Organizations with 20+ workers: Must form a joint OHS committee and develop a more structured and formal prevention program.

Key point: Regardless of size, all organizations must manage psychosocial risks.

A psychosocial risk is a factor related to work organization, professional relationships, or working conditions that can affect a person's mental or physical health.

Concrete examples:

  • Chronic stress
  • Psychological or sexual harassment
  • Work overload
  • Lack of recognition
  • Lack of support
  • Work-life imbalance

Complying with Law 27 isn't just about avoiding penalties:

  • Fosters a healthy workplace climate and better staff engagement
  • Reduces costs related to absenteeism and turnover
  • Strengthens the organization's reputation and staff trust in management
  • Improves productivity and team engagement
  • Facilitates talent recruitment and retention

Positive vision: Compliance as a lever for organizational performance.

For non-compliance, CNESST can impose:

  • Mandatory corrective measures
  • Repeated inspections without notice
  • Administrative penalties (fines)
  • Public orders (reputational impact)

Additionally, lack of prevention can lead to deteriorated workplace climate, increased accidents and complaints, and significant reputational damage.

Warning: Orders are published publicly on the CNESST website.

Key steps to comply with Law 27:

  1. Assess the current situation regarding OHS and psychosocial risks
  2. Develop a clear and realistic prevention program
  3. Train or designate a committee/liaison officer
  4. Implement concrete prevention and follow-up measures
  5. Document the process and regularly review practices

🎯 Guided start: 1-866-950-3357 - Free 20-minute consultation

Yes. Obligations also apply to remote work.

Organizations must include telework-related risks in their assessment and prevention plan:

  • Professional and social isolation
  • Work overload and hyperconnection
  • Lack of support and supervision
  • Blurred boundaries between personal and professional life
  • Inadequate equipment and ergonomics

Note: Remote work does not exempt the employer from OHS obligations.

Yes, non-profit organizations are fully covered. They have the same obligations as other organizations, adapted to their size and context.

Law 27 recognizes that well-being and safety must be ensured in all workplaces, regardless of mission or structure.

NPOs: Adapted resources and simplified templates are available to facilitate your compliance.

Organizations can rely on OHS consultants, specialized CHRPs, and support firms to help them comply with Law 27.

At Exact RH, our CHRP team supports you through every step:

  • Complete diagnostic of your OHS situation and psychosocial risks
  • Creation or update of your prevention program
  • Staff training and awareness
  • Support for committee or liaison officer setup
  • Tools, templates and policies adapted to your reality

📞 Free consultation: 1-866-950-3357

In 20 minutes, we assess your situation and propose a personalized action plan.

Rather than seeing compliance as a constraint, organizations can transform it into a performance lever.

By focusing on prevention, communication and engagement, they foster:

  • Talent retention (reduced turnover)
  • Increased engagement from teams
  • Sustainable performance of the organization
  • A strong health and safety culture
  • A competitive advantage in recruitment

Strategic vision: OHS as an investment, not a cost.

Need Help With Law 27 Compliance?

Exact RH helps Quebec SMEs and NPOs achieve OHS compliance before the October 2025 deadline.

Call Us: 1-866-950-3357 Free 2-Minute Diagnostic

Related Information

Law 42

Workplace harassment and violence obligations and compliance in Quebec.

Employer Obligations

Complete guide to Quebec employer legal obligations.